Función pulmonar en post COVID-19

[Pulmonary function in post COVID-19]

Lorena Itzel Noriega-Aguirre1 , María Fernanda Ríos2

1. Centro de investigaciones clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá, Rep de Panamá; 2. Centro de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Enfermedades Respiratorias CEDITER, Panamá, Rep de Panamá;

Publicado: 2024-08-30

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Resumen

Introduction: Infection by SARS-CoV-2 affects multiple organs, but the lung is the most affected organ and can have sequelae. The diagnosis of sequelae includes: medical history, physical examination, chest radiography and/or tomography, and pulmonary function tests (spirometry, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, 6-minute walk test, and lung volumes). The objective of this study was to describe lung function in post COVID-19 patients at the Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases CEDITER. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study of patients over 18 years of age, with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, who had undergone any pulmonary function tests and were found in the CEDITER database, from March 2020 to December 2021. Results: 246 cases were included, of which 57.7% were male and 43.3% were female. The mean age was 50.8 years with a standard deviation of 13.2. 46.1% had a body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 39.9, classified as obesity. 207 spirometries were analyzed, of which 34.3% were abnormal. Out of the 236 carbon monoxide diffusion tests, 53% showed mild to moderate decreases. Conclusions: The pulmonary function test that was most affected was carbon monoxide diffusion (DLCO), in a predominantly male population, with overweight or obesity, and with a mean age of 50 years.


Abstract

Introducción: La infección por el SARS-CoV-2 afecta a múltiples órganos, pero el pulmón es el órgano más afectado y puede tener secuelas. El diagnóstico de secuelas incluye: la historia clínica, el examen físico, radiografía y/o tomografía del tórax, y pruebas de función pulmonar (espirometría, capacidad de difusión de monóxido de carbono, caminata de 6 minutos y los volúmenes pulmonares). El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la función pulmonar en pacientes post COVID-19 en el Centro de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de las Enfermedades Respiratorias CEDITER. Metodología: Realizamos un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal, de pacientes mayores de 18 años, con historia de infección por SARS CoV-2, que tuviesen alguna de las pruebas de función pulmonar y se encontrara en la base de datos de CEDITER, entre marzo del 2020 a diciembre 2021. Resultados: Se incluyeron 246 casos, de los cuales el 57.7 % correspondieron al sexo masculino y 43.3 % al femenino. La media de edad fue de 50.8 años con DS de 13.2. El 46.1 % tenía un índice de masa corporal (IMC) entre 30 y 39.9, clasificada como obesidad. Se analizaron 207 espirometrías, de las cuales el 34.3 % fueron anormales. De las 236 pruebas de difusión de monóxido de carbono, el 53% mostraron disminución entre leve a moderada. Conclusiones La prueba de función pulmonar que resultó ser la más afectada fue la difusión de monóxido de carbono (DLCO), en una población mayoritariamente del sexo masculino, con sobrepeso u obesidad y con una media de edad de 50 años.

Biografía del autor/a

Lorena Itzel Noriega-Aguirre, Centro de investigaciones clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá, Rep. de Panamá

Médico Especialista en Medicina Interna y Neumología

María Fernanda Ríos, Centro de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Enfermedades Respiratorias CEDITER, Panamá, Rep. de Panamá

Especialista en Medicina Interna, Subespecialista en Neumología 

Citas

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