Características de los pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus admitidos al servicio de Medicina Interna del Complejo Hospitalario Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid

[Characteristics of patients with Diabetes Mellitus admitted to the Internal Medicine Department of the Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid Hospital Complex]

Laura Fernández Castañeda1

1. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Hospitalario Dr Arnulfo Arias Madrid, Panamá, República de Panamá;

Publicado: 2024-08-30

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Resumen

Introducción: La Diabetes Mellitus (DM) es una enfermedad de alta prevalencia a nivel mundial, incluyendo Panamá. Se encuentra dentro de las primeras diez causas de muerte a nivel nacional. Objetivo: Describir las características de los pacientes con DM admitidos a Medicina Interna del Complejo Hospitalario Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid (CHDrAAM) desde julio a diciembre de 2023. Metodología: Estudio observacional, prospectivo de corte transversal mediante realización de entrevista y revisión de expedientes físicos y electrónicos a todos los pacientes que aceptaron participar del estudio. Resultados: Se incluyeron 162 pacientes, de los cuales se observó una distribución equitativa entre ambos sexos. La edad promedio fue de 55 años. El 70% de los pacientes están en sobrepeso y obesidad. El 90% no realiza actividad física. El 74% no cuenta con título universitario. El 88% cuenta con más de una comorbilidad, siendo hipertensión arterial la más prevalente. El 49% ingresa con descompensación de DM, el 52% no cumple con los valores de metas recomendadas de hemoglobina glicosilada. El 66% no cuenta con tratamiento óptimo. Conclusiones: Este estudio da a conocer importante información epidemiológica y clínica sobre los diabéticos y así implementar el desarrollo de programas educativos e incorporar nuevas terapias de primera línea que vayan acorde a los requerimientos de cada paciente.


Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease of high prevalence worldwide, including Panama. It is among the first ten causes of death nationwide. Objective: To describe the characteristics of patients with DM admitted to Internal Medicine at the Complejo Hospitalario Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid (CHDrAAM) from July to December 2023. Methodology: Observational, prospective, cross-sectional study by means of interviews and review of physical and electronic records of all patients who agreed to participate in the study. Results: 162 patients were included, with an equal distribution between both sexes. The average age was 55 years. Seventy percent of the patients were overweight and obese. Ninety percent do not engage in physical activity. 74% do not have a university degree. 88% have more than one comorbidity, with arterial hypertension being the most prevalent one. 49% were admitted with decompensation of DM, 52% did not meet the recommended target values for glycosylated hemoglobin. 66% do not have optimal treatment. Conclusions: This study provides important epidemiological and clinical information on diabetics and thus implement the development of educational programs and incorporate new first-line therapies according to the requirements of each patient.

Citas

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